13th century. Mechanical clocks began to develop. More than thirty testimonies are quoted from all over Europe at the end of the 13th century. In these texts we find the purchase of iron and weights and the acquisition of expensive clocks in monasteries, cathedrals and princely residences. These prices were often considerable: six marks for the clock of the monastery of Colmar in 1278, thirty pounds for that of Canterbury in 1292, fifty pounds for a simple repair or transformation of the clock of the cathedral of Sens in 1319. Gradually, the mechanical clock, whose movement is permanently maintained by a motorised weight, replaced the boring water clock that had to be constantly cleaned and filled or emptied. It seems that these early clocks - like the water clocks - were first intended to strike a particular time (e.g. alarm clock) and a little later to strike different times of the day; these clocks were "blind": they had no dial! The striking mechanism was operated by one or more pins on a wheel of the mechanism. This transfer of technology from hydraulic to mechanical power enabled the original purpose of the clock to be retained: the striking of a precise hour; this invention has therefore remained practically anonymous. It was not until a little later, in 1336, that an important innovation changed the history of clock-making: striking clocks. A clock with a reproduction of the top 10 works of art are unusual artwork ideas,cute artwork gift ideas , perfect to buy a artwork gifts and unusual to personalise artwork gifts, special artwork gift ideas, to personalise artwork gifts for…best artwork gifts for… unique artwork gift for…

1271: An imminent invention In 1941 Lynn Thorndike published a text of great importance for the history of mechanical clocks. This text - probably the earliest record of clocks, dated 13 April 1271 - concerns a commentary by Robert the Englishman, known as Robertus Anglicus, on The Sphere of Sacrobosco, which states in brief: That a wheel which can turn uniformly over twenty-four hours (to give the equinoctial hours) has not yet been perfected;but that the researches of the clockmakers were going in that direction. Robertus then proposed a wheel driven by a weight (without mentioning the problem of accelerating the movement of this system). This means that the mechanical clock was still in the research stage at that time. In simple terms, the year 1270 can be considered as the "earliest" date of this invention, which in scientific terms is called "terminus ante quem non". "The switch to mechanical time did not translate into language", it did not lead to a change in terminology: the term horologium was simply retained, as for water clocks. While the increasingly frequent references to "horologia" in parish registers suggest that a new technology was emerging at the time, the difficulty of interpretation is still at the forefront: are they hydraulic or mechanical "horologia"? Request a clock as a gift dedicated to the day of the lovers with the possibility of choosing a decoration among a rather large choice of images, constitutes romantic gift ideas, to personalise romantic gifts, Unique Valentine's Day gift ideas in shortvalentine's day gifts for him and her

The first mechanical clocks The best historians of time measurement agree today that the origin of mechanical clocks dates back to the end of the 13th century. The earliest references to clocks with a wheel or pendulum are from the 14th century, including those of Richard of Wallingford (abbot of St Alban), Charles V and the Duke of Burgundy. At that time, hydraulic clocks were very common in monasteries and cathedrals. They were used to indicate a specific canonical time (liturgical offices dedicated to prayers) for the communities. These increasingly sophisticated machines were equipped with automatic alarm systems about which little is known today. At the end of the Middle Ages, the first mechanical public clocks made it possible to indicate a uniform time throughout the year and to abandon the use of variable seasonal times. From then on, a division into twenty-four hours of equal duration, known as equinoctial hours, was adopted. Technical improvements soon led to the creation of a new corporation and the birth of a much sought-after profession, that of watchmaker. The mechanical watch, whose exclusivity lasted for almost five centuries, was used until the end of the 1970s following the invention of the electronic watch. A father's day clock to put where you want; in the kitchen, the office or in the place that you like the most is an idea gift for father's day , original gift ideas fathers day, best gifts for father's day, in shortgift ideas for dad, your dad who is unique and indispensable.

History of the clock from its origins to the 16th century, The origins No mechanical clocks seem to exist before the fourteenth century, but several mentions in manuscript sources reveal some of the early history of the clock. The Latin word horologium, horologia, derived from the Greek [ὡρα, time and λέγειν, to say], has been used since Roman antiquity to refer to all time-indicating devices, but the use of this word for all time-measuring instruments hides from us the true nature of their mechanisms. The hydraulic clock A hydraulic clock is an ancient type of clock, which tells the time by allowing a liquid in a container to flow through a small hole. From the beginning, in ancient times, the liquid used was water, hence the name water clock. Later, mercury clocks could be found, especially in Arabic and Chinese writings, but this seems to be anecdotal. The first hydraulic clocks evolved from the simple clepsydra (see the France 2 television game show), to which a more or less sophisticated time indication was added (essentially a graduated scale); over the centuries, we have encountered different types of hydraulic clocks, monumental or not, with sophistications to animate skits, for example, or to strike a precise time. Accepting a clock for a wedding anniversary, an event that remains engraved in one's memory, are ideas wedding gifts,wedding keepsakes, unique wedding gifts, wedding gifts ideas for an important date in a couple's life, whether it is 1 year of marriage, or 50 years of marriage

Mechanical clock A mechanical clock is a time-measuring instrument that tells the time by an originally entirely mechanical action. It is based on the combination of three functions: a driving weight for the rotary movement, a regulator such as a balance wheel and a display (a graduated scale and hands). The mechanical clock is the successor to the various horologia. The Romans, and before them the Egyptians and Greeks, had already developed time-measuring instruments that demonstrated great astronomical knowledge. The invention of the mechanical clock can be placed around the 1300s and appeared in Western Europe at the end of the 13th century. Originally, it was a weight motor and foliot. A foliot is a vertical pendulum that controls the energy supplied to a wheel by a weight. The motion is then transmitted to gears that drive the movement of the hands. A weight suspended from a rope provides energy to the machine, while a system of rods and foliots periodically interrupts the fall of the weight. By placing the weights at each end of the foliot, the rhythm of the back and forth movements can be adjusted. The low precision of this mechanism, from 1 to 2 hours of deviation per 24 hours, renders the minute hand useless, and it will undergo a long evolution and an important diversification over the centuries. Having a clock as a birthday gift with a decoration dedicated to a specific birthday, 20 years, 60 years or more, is fun: unusual gifts for birthday, best anniversary gift ideas and unique anniversary gift ideas for an event that is celebrated every year and that will remain unique.

Greek water clocks An early prototype of an alarm clock was invented by the Greeks around 250 BC. The Greeks built a water clock, called a clepsydra, where rising water told the time and eventually struck a mechanical bird that set off an alarm whistle. The water filled a tank with an hour scale inside and flowed out through a hole in the base of the container. Clepsydras were more useful than sundials - they could be used indoors, at night and even under cloudy skies - but they were not as accurate. Greek water clocks became more accurate around 325 BC and were fitted with a dial with an hour hand, which made reading the clock more accurate and practical. Monastery clocks and clock towers The life of the Church, and in particular the monks who called others to prayer, made chronometers a necessity in daily life. The first clockmakers in medieval Europe were Christian monks. The first recorded clock was built by the future Pope Sylvester II around 996. Much more sophisticated clocks and church towers were built by monks later. Peter Lightfoot, a 14th century Glastonbury monk, built one of the earliest surviving clocks, which is still in use at the Science Museum in London. Getting a birthday clock from a family member or friend is cool : unusual gifts for birthday, best anniversary gift ideas and unique anniversary gift ideas that will always be in time for a family gathering or with friends

Sundials and obelisks Ancient Egyptian obelisks, built around 3500 BC, are also among the oldest ghost clocks. The oldest known sundial comes from Egypt. It dates from around 1500 BC. Candle clocks The first mention of candle clocks comes from a Chinese poem written in 520 AD. According to this poem, the graduated candle, whose burning rate was measured, was a means of determining the time of night. Similar candles were used in Japan until the early 10th century. Hourglass Hourglasses were the first reliable, reusable, reasonably accurate and easily manufactured time measuring devices. From the 15th century onwards, hourglasses were mainly used to tell time at sea. An hourglass consists of two glass spheres connected vertically by a narrow neck that allows a controlled flow of material, usually sand, from the upper sphere to the lower. Hourglasses are still used today. They were also introduced for use in churches, industry and the kitchen. Candle clocks were another timekeeping device used in the ancient world, from China to England to Mesopotamia. Chronometers were developed in places like India and Tibet and the hourglass (which was widely used throughout Europe) came a little later. Receiving a clock for your birthday with a decoration dedicated to a specific birthday, whether you are 20, 40 or older, is great : unusual gifts for birthday, best anniversary gift ideas and unique anniversary gift ideas for an event that is celebrated every year and that will remain unique.

Clocks Since time immemorial, people have tried to tame time. Thanks to scientific discoveries and technical innovations, the measurement of time has gradually been mastered. For thousands of years, people have measured time in a variety of ways, including following the movements of the sun with sundials, using water clocks, candle clocks and hourglasses. Our modern basic 60 time system, a clock with periods of 60 minutes and 60 seconds, dates back to 2000 BC in ancient Sumeria (the southernmost region of ancient Mesopotamia). History of clocks; "Time is money", they say, but the history of clocks is long and fascinating. The measurement of time is one of the earliest developments of mankind and time has changed greatly since ancient times. The birth of clocks to measure time: A clock is a time-measuring instrument that usually tells the time continuously. The word comes from the Latin horologium, "that tells the time", itself derived from the Greek ὡρολόγιον (formed from oρα, "time", and λέγειν, "to tell", λόγιον, "to tell"). Since ancient times, the Latin term 'horologium' has been used to refer to any instrument capable of indicating time, which has often led to difficulties in interpreting ancient texts. Thus, a sundial, a water clock, an astrolabe, a nocturlabe, a mechanical clock were called "horologia". A clock with a photo of your holiday by the sea, in the mountains or in the countryside. There's nothing better to cheer you up when the holidays are over or when the weather is not good. These are custom photo gifts, photo gifts ideas, to personalise gifts photo, to personalise with photos

Others see in them the mark of the Templars or the Freemasons who used these containers to conceal compasses, mallets, small trowels, crosses and cords. "In any case, the existence of jewellery boxes is clearly attested as early as ancient Rome where, in families, the woman was the custodian of the particular seal of the house which served to seal the cases containing the precious objects. Indeed, as a Ladies' Manual from 1833 reminds us, precious stones and gold jewellery must be perfectly protected from humidity and preserved from any dirty or greasy contact: "It is advisable to rub them from time to time with a piece of white or chamois leather"and then place them in the "jewellery box". In French, the word "écrin", synonymous with "boîte à bijoux" (jewellery box), is originally derived from the Latin word "crines", meaning "hair", and was used to preserve souvenirs made of hair. Later on, the use of Jewellery boxes was extended to include all the useful and necessary accessories for the embellishment of the head: earrings, necklaces and combs. Nowadays we add bracelets, chains, rings, etc. " The item we present to you is made of faux leather in a rectangular format to escape the standardisation of jewellery boxes, "Made in China". You have the opportunity to find decorations for almost every imaginable occasion: Mother's Day, Valentine's Day, birthdays, and of course we can apply your photo on the lid of this jewellery box. Just choose the jewellery box with the desired decoration. A gift for your boss, your colleague, but to remain completely professional. gift idea for departure, secretary original kdo idea What could be better than this customisable jewellery box with the professional label you choose while adding a small message.