13th century. Mechanical clocks began to develop. More than thirty testimonies are quoted from all over Europe at the end of the 13th century. In these texts we find the purchase of iron and weights and the acquisition of expensive clocks in monasteries, cathedrals and princely residences. These prices were often considerable: six marks for the clock of the monastery of Colmar in 1278, thirty pounds for that of Canterbury in 1292, fifty pounds for a simple repair or transformation of the clock of the cathedral of Sens in 1319. Gradually, the mechanical clock, whose movement is permanently maintained by a motorised weight, replaced the boring water clock that had to be constantly cleaned and filled or emptied. It seems that these early clocks - like the water clocks - were first intended to strike a particular time (e.g. alarm clock) and a little later to strike different times of the day; these clocks were "blind": they had no dial! The striking mechanism was operated by one or more pins on a wheel of the mechanism. This transfer of technology from hydraulic to mechanical power enabled the original purpose of the clock to be retained: the striking of a precise hour; this invention has therefore remained practically anonymous. It was not until a little later, in 1336, that an important innovation changed the history of clock-making: striking clocks. A clock with a reproduction of the top 10 works of art are unusual artwork ideas,cute artwork gift ideas , perfect to buy a artwork gifts and unusual to personalise artwork gifts, special artwork gift ideas, to personalise artwork gifts for…best artwork gifts for… unique artwork gift for…

Do you find that the clocks sold in stores are not to your liking or lack of personality? You seem to see the same wall watch everywhere. Look no further, you can customize this clock as you wish. We print on the dial a photo or a text. Dig into your best photos and select one of a loved one or a place you love. You love animals take a nice photo of a horse, a pony during your walk or photograph your little four-legged friend. The custom clock is a deco idea to give a fun touch in the home, office, waiting room or any other place. The personalized watch is a great idea to offer a unique and useful gift. A nice photo of your children or your family to offer your parents, grandparents, your godfather or godmother ... a pretty image free of rights with the first name of your daughter or your son to individualize his room which will be decorated according to his personal tastes. The logo and name of your company to decorate your premises while giving the time. A proverb or motto to show your ideas, your convictions or a hilarious quote to amuse your friends. Everything is possible.

We all need to be on time, that's normal because “the hour is the hour; before the hour, it is not the hour; after the hour, it is no longer the hour ”. Are you looking for a new unusual wall clock? Looking for a surprising gift? We create for you an unusual clock, it is not only functional, it is also decorative and provides a warm atmosphere. This wall clock, personalised with your first name and your date of birth, is ideal. It tells you the time of course, but it also displays some traits of your character and some of your preferences. Your day of birth and your first name can say a lot about your personality, as they indicate the trends that will be most influential for you. From your first name of your sex and your date of birth, our astrology and numerology software will reveal for example, your favourite colour, your favourite gemstone or the flower that attracts you the most. He will also reveal your qualities, the astrological signs that attract you, famous personalities born on the same date … A most original gift that will amuse your loved ones and friends. It is a unique surprise to offer on all occasions, an unusual birthday gift, an original and particularly personal kdo deco. Clocks with personalised horoscopes are unique zodiac gifts ideas for astrology enthusiasts, but also for the curious, astrology gifts, picturesque and unique astrology gift ideas for every party.

A personalised clock A clock to personalise with a special decoration for our mother, the most important person in our lives. It's mother's day gift ideas, original gift ideas mother's day, gifts for mum, unique gift for mother's day A personalised clock with a poem is a gift for mom or for granny. A nice Christmas present to leave your mother a lasting testimony of your affection. A comforting gift to offer, a nice and unique souvenir from her daughter or her son. A poem on a clock! A gift out of the ordinary, but which will allow your mom when she watches the time to see all the love you have for her through a poem. Personalised poem with the emotions you bring to her. You want to thank mom because she is always there to listen to you, to help you. You want to show her all your love with pretty words. A wall clock with a personalised poem for mom will certainly please her and will always be in view whether in the kitchen, the entrance hall or the living room. A great idea for an original decorative gift for Mother's Day, for her birthday or to thank her for her help during your move or for something else… How would you do without your mom who is always available and so nice. Show all your love with a personalised gift that is both useful and decorative.

Greek water clocks An early prototype of an alarm clock was invented by the Greeks around 250 BC. The Greeks built a water clock, called a clepsydra, where rising water told the time and eventually struck a mechanical bird that set off an alarm whistle. The water filled a tank with an hour scale inside and flowed out through a hole in the base of the container. Clepsydras were more useful than sundials - they could be used indoors, at night and even under cloudy skies - but they were not as accurate. Greek water clocks became more accurate around 325 BC and were fitted with a dial with an hour hand, which made reading the clock more accurate and practical. Monastery clocks and clock towers The life of the Church, and in particular the monks who called others to prayer, made chronometers a necessity in daily life. The first clockmakers in medieval Europe were Christian monks. The first recorded clock was built by the future Pope Sylvester II around 996. Much more sophisticated clocks and church towers were built by monks later. Peter Lightfoot, a 14th century Glastonbury monk, built one of the earliest surviving clocks, which is still in use at the Science Museum in London. Getting a birthday clock from a family member or friend is cool : unusual gifts for birthday, best anniversary gift ideas and unique anniversary gift ideas that will always be in time for a family gathering or with friends

1271: An imminent invention In 1941 Lynn Thorndike published a text of great importance for the history of mechanical clocks. This text - probably the earliest record of clocks, dated 13 April 1271 - concerns a commentary by Robert the Englishman, known as Robertus Anglicus, on The Sphere of Sacrobosco, which states in brief: That a wheel which can turn uniformly over twenty-four hours (to give the equinoctial hours) has not yet been perfected;but that the researches of the clockmakers were going in that direction. Robertus then proposed a wheel driven by a weight (without mentioning the problem of accelerating the movement of this system). This means that the mechanical clock was still in the research stage at that time. In simple terms, the year 1270 can be considered as the "earliest" date of this invention, which in scientific terms is called "terminus ante quem non". "The switch to mechanical time did not translate into language", it did not lead to a change in terminology: the term horologium was simply retained, as for water clocks. While the increasingly frequent references to "horologia" in parish registers suggest that a new technology was emerging at the time, the difficulty of interpretation is still at the forefront: are they hydraulic or mechanical "horologia"? Request a clock as a gift dedicated to the day of the lovers with the possibility of choosing a decoration among a rather large choice of images, constitutes romantic gift ideas, to personalise romantic gifts, Unique Valentine's Day gift ideas in shortvalentine's day gifts for him and her

An alarm clock is a device that produces a sound at a pre-determined time set on an appropriate system by the owner of the alarm clock. It may be a device designed for this purpose, generally a clock, or other devices with an alarm function, such as a computer, radio, television, watch or mobile phone. However, these days there are many different types of alarm clock, from the simplest to the most complex and sophisticated. Personally, I need three alarm clocks to open one eye, especially in winter. The first electric alarm clock was created by the American Levi Hutchins in 1787. Thanks to this young apprentice watchmaker who, according to legend, had trouble getting up in the morning. He developed an ingenious alarm clock, but did not market or develop it. Antoine Redier, a French watchmaker and inventor, was the first, in 1847, to register a patent for a mechanical alarm clock with adjustable settings… At the end of the 19th century, alarm clocks became an essential part of the daily lives of millions of workers and employees. In the United States, the Ansonia brand produced round alarm clocks topped with a bell. In France, Japy in Franche-Comté and Bayard in Haute-Normandie began producing competing models. In the early 1930s, Japy enjoyed great success with its "Silencieux" model (rubber dampens the sound), while Bayard marketed the very popular "Sonnfor", "Tapageur" and Mickey Mouse and then Snow White animated alarm clocks. You love special gadget gifts and you are looking for a fun Star Wars gift idea for Star Wars fans who will be delighted with the training ball, a unique Star Wars gift that Luke Skywalker used aboard the Millennium Falcon in Episode IV: A New Hope. A Star Wars gift idea for fans of the saga, an original Star Wars birthday gift idea at Gifts-custopolis.com

Clocks Since time immemorial, people have tried to tame time. Thanks to scientific discoveries and technical innovations, the measurement of time has gradually been mastered. For thousands of years, people have measured time in a variety of ways, including following the movements of the sun with sundials, using water clocks, candle clocks and hourglasses. Our modern basic 60 time system, a clock with periods of 60 minutes and 60 seconds, dates back to 2000 BC in ancient Sumeria (the southernmost region of ancient Mesopotamia). History of clocks; "Time is money", they say, but the history of clocks is long and fascinating. The measurement of time is one of the earliest developments of mankind and time has changed greatly since ancient times. The birth of clocks to measure time: A clock is a time-measuring instrument that usually tells the time continuously. The word comes from the Latin horologium, "that tells the time", itself derived from the Greek ὡρολόγιον (formed from oρα, "time", and λέγειν, "to tell", λόγιον, "to tell"). Since ancient times, the Latin term 'horologium' has been used to refer to any instrument capable of indicating time, which has often led to difficulties in interpreting ancient texts. Thus, a sundial, a water clock, an astrolabe, a nocturlabe, a mechanical clock were called "horologia". A clock with a photo of your holiday by the sea, in the mountains or in the countryside. There's nothing better to cheer you up when the holidays are over or when the weather is not good. These are custom photo gifts, photo gifts ideas, to personalise gifts photo, to personalise with photos

Sundials and obelisks Ancient Egyptian obelisks, built around 3500 BC, are also among the oldest ghost clocks. The oldest known sundial comes from Egypt. It dates from around 1500 BC. Candle clocks The first mention of candle clocks comes from a Chinese poem written in 520 AD. According to this poem, the graduated candle, whose burning rate was measured, was a means of determining the time of night. Similar candles were used in Japan until the early 10th century. Hourglass Hourglasses were the first reliable, reusable, reasonably accurate and easily manufactured time measuring devices. From the 15th century onwards, hourglasses were mainly used to tell time at sea. An hourglass consists of two glass spheres connected vertically by a narrow neck that allows a controlled flow of material, usually sand, from the upper sphere to the lower. Hourglasses are still used today. They were also introduced for use in churches, industry and the kitchen. Candle clocks were another timekeeping device used in the ancient world, from China to England to Mesopotamia. Chronometers were developed in places like India and Tibet and the hourglass (which was widely used throughout Europe) came a little later. Receiving a clock for your birthday with a decoration dedicated to a specific birthday, whether you are 20, 40 or older, is great : unusual gifts for birthday, best anniversary gift ideas and unique anniversary gift ideas for an event that is celebrated every year and that will remain unique.

History of the clock from its origins to the 16th century, The origins No mechanical clocks seem to exist before the fourteenth century, but several mentions in manuscript sources reveal some of the early history of the clock. The Latin word horologium, horologia, derived from the Greek [ὡρα, time and λέγειν, to say], has been used since Roman antiquity to refer to all time-indicating devices, but the use of this word for all time-measuring instruments hides from us the true nature of their mechanisms. The hydraulic clock A hydraulic clock is an ancient type of clock, which tells the time by allowing a liquid in a container to flow through a small hole. From the beginning, in ancient times, the liquid used was water, hence the name water clock. Later, mercury clocks could be found, especially in Arabic and Chinese writings, but this seems to be anecdotal. The first hydraulic clocks evolved from the simple clepsydra (see the France 2 television game show), to which a more or less sophisticated time indication was added (essentially a graduated scale); over the centuries, we have encountered different types of hydraulic clocks, monumental or not, with sophistications to animate skits, for example, or to strike a precise time. Accepting a clock for a wedding anniversary, an event that remains engraved in one's memory, are ideas wedding gifts,wedding keepsakes, unique wedding gifts, wedding gifts ideas for an important date in a couple's life, whether it is 1 year of marriage, or 50 years of marriage

Clepsydra The water clock or clepsydra comes from the Greek word klepsydra, "thief of water", as it was used to limit the speaking time of lawyers during trials. It is thought to have been invented by the Egyptians in the 16th century BC. It is unreliable because the speed of the flow varies according to the temperature and pressure of the water, From the eleventh to the thirteenth century, documentary sources about water clocks are more numerous, but their interpretations remain ambiguous. For example, a manuscript mentions that in 1176 a college of church commissioners was established in Sens Cathedral to supervise the clock. In 1198, an ordinance stipulated that the men in charge of the clock during the week risked a fine if they did not wind the mechanism in time. In 1867, G. Juillot, a member of the city's Archaeological Society, concluded with certainty that the clock was "weighted and stamped". A. Ungerer, in a 1931 book, makes it a "mechanical clock", which is even more implausible (according to Gerhard Dohrn-van Rossum, notes 4-52); According to Jocelin de Brakeland, in 1198, during a fire in Bury St Edmunds Abbey, the monks rushed to the clock to fetch water. There is no ambiguity here, the 'horologium' is powered by water, so it is a hydraulic clock whose reservoir was large enough to put out the occasional fire. A clock to personalise with a special decoration for our mother, the most important person in our lives. It's mother's day gift ideas, original gift ideas mother's day, gifts for mum, unique gift for mother's day

The first mechanical clocks The best historians of time measurement agree today that the origin of mechanical clocks dates back to the end of the 13th century. The earliest references to clocks with a wheel or pendulum are from the 14th century, including those of Richard of Wallingford (abbot of St Alban), Charles V and the Duke of Burgundy. At that time, hydraulic clocks were very common in monasteries and cathedrals. They were used to indicate a specific canonical time (liturgical offices dedicated to prayers) for the communities. These increasingly sophisticated machines were equipped with automatic alarm systems about which little is known today. At the end of the Middle Ages, the first mechanical public clocks made it possible to indicate a uniform time throughout the year and to abandon the use of variable seasonal times. From then on, a division into twenty-four hours of equal duration, known as equinoctial hours, was adopted. Technical improvements soon led to the creation of a new corporation and the birth of a much sought-after profession, that of watchmaker. The mechanical watch, whose exclusivity lasted for almost five centuries, was used until the end of the 1970s following the invention of the electronic watch. A father's day clock to put where you want; in the kitchen, the office or in the place that you like the most is an idea gift for father's day , original gift ideas fathers day, best gifts for father's day, in shortgift ideas for dad, your dad who is unique and indispensable.